Circular Economy in South Africa: Opportunities for reusable packaging systems and women’s participation

This study, commissioned by GIZ and led by ICLEI Africa, explores the economic and waste landscape of three South African cities—Cape Town, Ekurhuleni, and uMhlathuze—with a focus on enabling environments for circular economy engagement and support for women’s participation. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies, to assess the baseline opportunities, challenges, and impacts of reuse in South Africa, with a focus on women-led businesses and the informal sector. Primary and secondary research was conducted, including reviews of relevant publications, economic data, and interviews with municipalities, start-ups, businesses, and third-sector representatives. Through this approach, the report highlights the growing momentum of effective reuse practices worldwide, driven by consumer demand for sustainable solutions, businesses recognizing the economic benefits of reducing waste, and evolving policy and regulatory frameworks.