The briefing discusses Resource-Oriented Sanitation as an innovative approach to improving nutrient recovery and reuse to address critical environmental challenges. It focuses on the separation of human excreta for nutrient recovery, which can help address four major crises: disrupted nutrient flows, water pollution, the introduction of pollutants and climate change – issues that have crossed planetary boundaries. The approach is in line with the European Green Deal, which promotes climate neutrality, sustainable food production, a circular economy and zero pollution. In order to effectively implement Resource-Oriented Sanitation, the current wastewater policy framework will need to be significantly adapted.